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"Broux, Yanne"
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Double names and elite strategy in Roman Egypt
The aim of this work is to investigate how in Roman Egypt, double names were used by the local elite to promote their social status. Polyonymy (i.e. the use of multiple names) is found in Egyptian texts as early as the Old Kingdom, and during the Ptolemaic period the practice is adopted in Greek environments as well. At this time, double names generally combined a Greek and an Egyptian name and reflected the complexity of ethnic identity in Ptolemaic society. It is in the Roman period, however, that numbers rise spectacularly--from roughly 1% at the beginning of Roman rule, to over 6%, peaking under the Severans. This upsurge of double names was triggered for a reason--a study of the phenomenon may paint a picture of the ideals and aspirations underlying this choice.
Book
THINGS CAN ONLY GET BETTER FOR SOCRATES AND HIS CROCODILE: HOW ONOMASTICS CAN BENEFIT FROM DIGITAL HUMANITIES
In a forthcoming article, Willy Clarysse presents an overview of the name Socrates in Egypt. He argues for an evolution from a ‘normal Greek name’, with no specific reference to the Athenian philosopher (Ptolemaic period), to a Greek name with Egyptian connotations (Roman period).
Journal Article
Graeco-Roman archives from the Fayum
The Fayum is a large depression in the western desert of Egypt, receiving its water directly from the Nile. In the early Ptolemaic period the agricultural area expanded a great deal, new villages were founded and many Greeks settled here. When villages on the outskirts were abandoned about AD 300-400, houses and cemeteries remained intact for centuries. Here were found thousands of papyri, ostraca (potsherds) and hundreds of mummy portraits, which have made the area famous among classicists and art historians alike. Most papyri and ostraca are now scattered over collections all over the world. The sixth volume of Collectanea Hellenistica presents 145 reconstructed archives originating from this region, including private, professional, official and temple archives both in Greek and in native Demotic.
Book
Detecting Settlement Communities in Graeco-Roman Egypt
Over a decade ago, Katja Mueller proposed a new method for locating settlements in the Fayum borrowed from the social sciences: multidimensional scaling (MDS). As is so often the case with pioneering research, it was heavily criticized, although she never claimed the technique would overcome all problems associated with locating lost sites. In this paper, I suggest an alternative approach to MDS, based on network analysis, to detect settlement communities. In the past 13 years the database that Mueller started from has greatly expanded, allowing for a more encompassing analysis. Narrowing down the possible location radius of unknown sites with the help of these methods can be valuable for studies of ancient settlement patterns.
Journal Article
LOCATING ANCIENT SITES WITH THE HELP OF NETWORK ANALYSIS: A LOST CAUSE?
Thanks to the abundance of, mostly papyrological, sources from Graeco-Roman Egypt mentioning settlements in an administrative, economic, cultural or religious context, we know up to a certain extent a lot about these villages and towns. But although Trismegistos contains over 10,000 toponyms situated in Egypt, the exact location of many of them remains unknown. This paper explores the possibilities for structuring settlement patterns offered by Gephi's Geolayout algorithm. Located sites can thus be plotted according to their coordinates, after which community detection algorithms can be used to determine approximate locations for 'lost' sites.
Journal Article
The Maternal Line in Greek Identification: Signalling social status in Roman Egypt (30 BC – AD 400)
Since Greeks were generally unaccustomed to adding their maternal line to their identification, it is surprising to find metronymics in Greek papyri from Egypt. The rather exceptional Ptolemaic examples can be explained by Egyptian influence, but in the early Roman period there is a sudden rise in the use of mothers’ names. This article discusses the evolution of this practice and its relation to the socio-legal changes during the first four centuries AD.
Journal Article